• Antiscalants have to be non-toxic, or they would not be approved by NSF for potable water applications.
• Both phosphonate and polymer based antiscalants are biodegradable over time.
• Cleaning should generally occur when the normalized flux has decreased 10% to 15%, the normalized salt content of the permeate has increased by 10%.
• There are also certain membrane-based systems that actually counter act fouling and scaling.